In order to produce large yields of any crop, the soil must be healthy. Healthy soil equals productive land. Organic matter is key to productive soil. Organic matter is the part of soil derived from various stages of the decomposition of plants and animals. It is important for soil structure, tilth and provides energy for microorganisms, improves water infiltration, increases water-holding capacity and reduces erosion. Soil is the basic ingredient that is necessary to produce crops in farming. Much like your car needs fuel to run, farming needs healthy soil to produce crops. Soil is an important resource and is the foundation for all life on Earth.

In South Dakota scientists estimate that it takes 500 years to form one inch of topsoil. Over 650 different types of soil have been identified in South Dakota.

Houdek (pronounced hoo-deck) is the state soil of South Dakota. This type of soil is not found in any other state. Houdek and closely related soils can be found on more than two million acres across South Dakota.

The Houdek soil series consists of very deep, well drained soils. Houdek soils are typically found on level to gently rolling land. Areas with Houdek soils are cultivated and most often used in crop production. Common crops grown on this soil include corn, small grain, alfalfa, and feed grains.

Farmers use conservation practices in order to protect and improve the quality of the soil and increase their crop yields.

Photo courtesy USDA NRCS

This site updated on:
January 28, 2004

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