Point source pollution is any type of pollution that can be identified as coming from one clear source. It could be a factory or another polluted stream. Point source pollution problems are easier to detect and fix because it is clear where the problem is coming from.

Non-point source pollution is more difficult to correct because the problem cannot be traced to one specific location. It can be caused by sediment from rainwater runoff or runoff from animals wastes, construction sites, or landfills.

Water sources are monitored by local, state and federal agencies, which routinely conduct tests to protect our water resources. Many agencies work to improve the water quality through local projects to reduce point and nonpoint source pollution.

Recreation can impact the quality of our surface water. Boats and watercrafts can create pollution by leaking gas and oil in the water. Waves caused by boats can erode the shoreline, increasing erosion and reducing water quality. Litter and other refuse can find its way into streams and cause pollution. Proper management of recreation areas, educational programs to help people understand proper land use, and laws that prevent misuse are important ways to control pollution.

Industrial and urban areas can also contribute to pollution. Local, state and federal agencies work to closely monitor the water quality from industrial sites and the runoff in urban areas. Agriculture can also cause pollution, but farmers and ranchers work hard to control pollution through the implementation of conservation practices, including installing buffers and managing nutrients.

People who live in communities can cause pollution by improper application of fertilizer and pesticides on their lawns and gardens, and by not properly disposing of household hazardous wastes. Urban storm water runoff is a major contributor to pollution in lakes, rivers and streams.

Visit the water section of our links page for more information on water pollution.